Steelhead hatchery effects- Domestication selection may lower fitness of hatchery steelhead (Araki et al. 2008)
- Artificial spawning and incubation
- Emergence and freshwater rearing
- Smolt migration
- Potential methods to reduce domestication
- Eliminate artificial spawning
- Release at a natural size and age (i.e. age-2)
Summary- Egg collections are effective for obtaining broad genetic representation
- may be limited to smaller programs
- flow regime is important
- Two year smolt rearing is achievable if water temps permit
- Effects of these approaches on reducing domestication selection require targeted research