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Alley, D. W., & Associates. 1994. Determination of juvenile steelhead densities in Santa Rosa and San Simeon creeks with estimates of returning adult steelhead, San Luis Obispo County, September, 1994. D. W. Alley & Associates, Project No. 100-04. Prepared for Cambria Community Services District. 54 pp.

Bailey, R. 1973. An estimate of the standing crop of steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson), Santa Rosa Creek, San Luis Obispo County, California. Unpubl. Report, Dept. Nat. Res. Manage., Calif. Polytech. State Univ., San Luis Obispo. 23 pp.

Baker, Jon, Bentzen, Paul, Moran, Paul. 2002: Molecular Markers Distinguish Coastal Cutthroat Trout from Coastal Rainbow Trout/Steelhead and Their Hybrids. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 131, No. 3, pp. 404-417.

Barnhart, R.A. 1986. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Southwest) - steelhead. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 82(11.60). US Army Corps of Engineers, TR EL-82-4. 21 pp.

Bisson, PA, K. Sullivan, and JL Nielsen. 1988. Channel hydraulics, habitat use, and body form of juvenile coho salmon, steelhead, and cutthroat trout in streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society; 117(3):262 273.

Brown, M.R. 1996. Benefits of increased minimum instream flows on chinook salmon and steelhead in Clear Creek, Shasta County, California 1995-96. Final report. US Fish and Wildlife Service. Red Bluff CA. 17 p.

Bugert, RM and TC Bjornn. 1991. Habitat use by steelhead and coho salmon and their responses to predators and cover in laboratory streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society; 120(4):486 493.

Burns, D.C. 1974. Feeding by mature steelhead in a spawning stream. Calif. Fish Game 60: 205-206.

Busby, P.J., T.C. Wainwright, G.J. Bryant, L. Lierheimer, R.S. Waples, F.W. Waknitz, and I.V. Lagomarsino. 1996. Status review of west coast steelhead from Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California. US Dept. Commerce, NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-MWFSC-27, 261 pp.

California Department of Fish and Game. 2000. Steelhead rainbow trout in San Mateo Creek, San Diego County, California. Report to the National Marine Fisheries Service, California Department of Fish and Game, Native Anadromous Fish and Watershed Branch and South Coast Region.

California Department of Fish and Game.1996. Steelhead restoration and management plan for California.

California Dept. of Fish and Game. 1990. Central Valley salmon and steelhead restoration and enhancement plan. California Dept. of Fish and Game. Sacramento, CA. 115 p.

California Dept. of Fish and Game. 1991. Sacramento River Chinook salmon and steelhead life-history patterns. Memorandum of Nov. 4, 1991 by T.C. Farley, Inland Fisheries Div., Sacramento CA. 3 p.

Cannata, S. 1989. Steelhead trout status report, San Luis Obispo Creek, 1989. Prepared for the City of San Luis Obispo, California. 8 pp + app.

Carpanzano, C.M. 1996. Distribution and habitat associations of different age classes and mitochondrial genotypes of Oncorhynchus mykiss in streams in southern California. M.A. thesis, Univ. Calif., Santa Barbara. 88 pp.

Cederholm, C. J., Bilby, R. E., Bisson, P. A., Bumstead, T. W., Fransen, B. R., Scarlett, W. J., Ward, J. W. 1997: Response of Juvenile Coho Salmon and Steelhead to Placement of Large Woody Debris in a Coastal Washington Stream. North American Journal of Fisheries Management: Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 947-963.

Chandler, G. L., Bjornn, T. C. 1988: Abundance, Growth, and Interactions of Juvenile Steelhead Relative to Time of Emergence. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 117, No. 5, pp. 432-443.

CH2MHill. 1993. Assessment of Big Chico Creek salmon and steelhead production. Prepared for the City of Chico, M&T Ranch, and Parrot Ranch. Redding CA. 27 p.

Connolly, Patrick J., Petersen, James H. 2003: Bigger Is Not Always Better for Overwintering Young-of-Year Steelhead. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 132, No. 2, pp. 262-274.

Dettman, D.H. and D.W. Kelley. 1987. The roles of Nimbus and Feather River salmon and steelhead hatcheries and natural production in supporting fall run Chinook salmon populations in the Sacramento River basin. Prepared for the Calif. Dept. of Water Resources by D.W. Kelley & Associates, Newcastle CA. 106 p.

East Bay Municipal Utility District. 1994. Major limiting factors affecting salmon and steelhead production in the lower Mokelumne River (1967-1991) and options for restoration. Draft report. Orinda CA.

Everest, F.H. 1973. Ecology and management of summer steelhead in the Rogue River. Oreg. State Game Comm. Fish. Res. Rpt. 7, Proj, AFS-312. 48 pp.

Fausch, K.D. 1993. Experimental analysis of microhabitat selection by juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and coho salmon (O. kisutch) in a British Columbia stream. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:1198-1207.

Federal Register. 2002. Final Rule: Endangered and Threatened Species: Range Extension for Endangered Steelhead in Southern California. Federal Register 67 (224) 21586-21598.

Federal Register. 1997. Final Rule.Endangered and threatened species; listing of several evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of west coast steelhead. Federal Register 62(159): 43937-43954.

Federal Register. 2001. Proposed Rule: Endangered and Threatened Species: Threatened Status for One Evolutionarily Significant unit of Steelhead in California and Oregon.Federal Register 66 (223) 9808-9813.

Federal Register. 2000. Endangered and threatened species; proposed range extension for endangered steelhead in southern California. Federal Register 65(244): 79328-79336.

Federal Register. 1998. Final Rule.Endangered and threatened species; threatened status for two ESUs of steelhead in Washington, Oregon, and California. Federal Register 63(53): 13347-13371.

Federal Register. 2000. Designated critical habitat: critical habitat for 19 evolutionarily significant units of salmon and steelhead in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California. Federal Register 65(32): 7765-7787.

Federal Register. 2001. Endangered and threatened species; proposed rule governing take of four threatened evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of west coast salmonids: Ca Central Valley spring-run Chinook; Ca Coastal Chinook; Northern Ca Steelhead; Central Ca coast coho. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Fisher, F.W. 1993. Chinook salmon and steelhead trout populations during 1967-1991. California Dept. of Fish and Game. Redding, CA.

Fisher, C. K. 1957. The 1953-54 and 1954-55 winter steelhead fisheries on the San Lorenzo River, Santa Cruz County. Calif. Dept. Fish Game, Inland Fish. Admin. Rep. No. 57-13. 16 pp.

Fite, K.R. 1973. Feeding overlap between roach and juvenile steelhead in the Eel River. M.S. thesis, California State University, Humboldt. Arcata. 39 pp.

Fry, DH 1966. Water projects - Technical evaluation of salmon and steelhead enhancement. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game. Sacramento.

Hallock, R. J. 1987. Sacramento River system salmon and steelhead problems and enhancement opportunities. Report to the California Advisory Committee on Salmon and Steelhead Trout. Sacramento CA. 92 p.

Hallock, R. J. and F. Fisher. 1984. Estimated loses of salmon and steelhead attributed to Red Bluff Diversion Dam. Memorandum to Ken Hashagen of Feb. 7, 1984. California Dept. of Fish and Game, Anadromous Fish Branch. Red Bluff CA.

Harper, B. 1988. An adult steelhead investigation of the lower Santa Ynez River drainage. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Report to U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and California Department of Water Resources. 20 pp.

Hartman, G.F. 1965. The role of behavior in the ecology and interaction of underyearling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 22:1035-1081.

Hartwell, R.D. 1996. Upstream migration and spawning of fall run Chinook salmon in the Mokelumne River, 1995, with notes on steelhead spawning, winter 1996. Prepared for the East Bay Municipal Utility District, Fisheries & Wildlife Div., Orinda CA. 28 p.

Harvey, Bret C., Nakamoto, Rodney J. 1996: Effects of Steelhead Density on Growth of Coho Salmon in a Small Coastal California Stream. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 237-243.

Harvey, C. 1994. Adult steelhead counts on Mill and Deer Creeks, Tehama County, Oct. 1993-Jan. 1994. Inland Fisheries Div. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game. Redding CA.

Higgins, P. 1991. Southern California steelhead recovery assessment. Report to South Coast Chapter of Trout Unlimited. 26 pp.

Hiss, J.M. 1984. Diet of age-0 steelhead trout and speckled dace in Willow Creek, Humboldt County, California. MS thesis, Humboldt State University, Arcata. 51 pp.

Hopelain, J.S. 1998. Age, growth, and life history of Klamath River basin steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) as determined from scale analysis. CDFG Inland Fish. Admin. Rpt. 98-3. 19 pp.

Hovey, T. 2001. When nature finds a way: return of the southern steelhead. Outdoor California, March-April: 17-20.

Interagency Ecological Program, Steelhead Project Workteam. 1999. Monitoring, assessment, and research on Central Valley steelhead: status of knowledge, review, of existing programs, and assessment of needs. Interagency Ecological Program steelhead project workteam.

Kelley, D. W., D. H. Dettman, and J. E. Reuter. 1987. Preservation of the Carmel River steelhead run with fish passage facilities over San Clemente Dam or with a hatchery near its base. D. W. Kelley & Associates. Prepared for the Monterey Peninsula Water Management District. 26 pp + apps.

Kelsey, D.A., C. B. Schreck, J. L. Congleton, and L. E. Davis. 2002. Effects of Juvenile Steelhead on Juvenile Chinook Salmon Behavior and Physiology. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 131 Number 4 pages 676-689.

Kesner, W.D. and R.A. Barnhart. 1972. Characteristics of the fall-run steelhead trout (Salmo gairderi) of the Klamath River system with emphasis on the half-pounder. California Fish and Game 58:204-220.

Kier Associates. 1998. Selected portions of the Battle Creek salmon and steelhead restoration plan that pertain to anadromous fish habitat upstream of Coleman National Fish Hatchery. Draft. Prepared for the Battle Creek Working Group. Sausalito CA. 56 p.

Kubicek, P.F., and D.G. Price. 1976. An evaluation of water temperature and its effect on juvenile steelhead trout in geothermal active areas of Big Sulphur Creek. Calif.-Nev. Wildl. Trans. 1976:1-24.

Lane, K.E., Glabe, J.R., And J.A. Hanson. 1981. An annotated bibliography on the genetic diversity of the genera Salmo, Salvelinus, and Oncorhynchus. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game, Inland Fish. Admin. Rept. No.81-5. Sacramento CA.

Lang, J.S., B.F. Oppenheim, and R.N. Knight. 1998. Southern steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss habitat suitability survey of the Santa Margarita River, San Mateo and San Onofre creeks on Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service report prepared for Environmental and Natural Resources Office, Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton. 107pp.

Marine, K.R. 1994. The Mokelumne River Chinook salmon and steelhead monitoring program 1993-1994. East Bay Municipal Utility Dist.

McEwan, D. and T.A. Jackson. 1996. Steelhead restoration and management plan for California. State of California, the Resources Agency, Department of Fish and Game.

McMichael, Geoffrey A., Pearsons, Todd N., Leider, Steven A. 1999: Behavioral Interactions among Hatchery-Reared Steelhead Smolts and Wild Oncorhynchus mykiss in Natural Streams. North American Journal of Fisheries Management: Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 948-956.

McMichael, Geoffrey A., Sharpe, Cameron S., Pearsons, Todd N. 1997: Effects of Residual Hatchery-Reared Steelhead on Growth of Wild Rainbow Trout and Spring Chinook Salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 126, No. 2, pp. 230-239.

Mills, T.J. 1995. Monitoring and research needs to manage Central Valley Chinook salmon and steelhead. Draft. Inland Fisheries Div., Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game. Sacramento CA. 35 p.

Moyle, Peter B. 2002. Inland Fishes of California.Steelhead trout, pages 271-282.University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles.

Murphy, G.I. and L. Shapovalov. 1951. A preliminary analysis of northern California salmon and steelhead runs. California Fish and Game 37(4):497-507.

National Marine Fisheries Service.1996. Factors for Decline: A Supplement to the Notice of Determination for West Coast Steelhead Under the Endangered Species Act. NMFS, Protected Species Branch, Portland OR.

National Marine Fisheries Service.1994. Status Review for Klamath Mountains Province Steelhead. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-19 NMFS.

Nielsen, J.L., C. Carpanzano, M.C. Fountain, and C.A. Gan. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite diversity in hatchery and wild Oncorhynchus mykiss from freshwater habitats in southern California. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 126: 397-417.

Nielsen, Jennifer L., Lisle, Thomas E., Ozaki, Vicki. 1994: Thermally Stratified Pools and Their Use by Steelhead in Northern California Streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 123, No. 4, pp. 613-626.

Nielsen, J.L. 1999. The evolutionary history of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) along the US Pacific Coast: developing a conservation strategy using genetic diversity. ICES. J. Marine SCI 56:449-458.

Nielsen, J.L., And M.C. Fountain. 1999. Microsatellite diversity in sympatric reproductive ecotypes of Pacific steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from the Middle Fork Eel River, California. Ecol. Freshw. Fish 8:159-168.

NOAA Fisheries.1997. Scientific Disagreements Regarding Steelhead Status under the ESA. NMFS Northwest Fisheries Science Center.

NOAA Fisheries.1997.Status of Deferred and Candidate ESUs of West Coast Steelhead.NMFS Northwest Fisheries Science Center.

NOAA Fisheries.2000. Status Review Update for the Steelhead Northern California ESU.NMFS Northwest Fisheries Science Center.

NOAA Fisheries.1996. Factors for Decline: A Supplement to the Notice of Determination for West Coast Steelhead Under the Endangered Species Act.NMFS Protected Species Branch.

Pauley, Gilbert B., Troutt, David A. 1988: Comparison of Three Methods of Fluorescent Dye Application for Marking Juvenile Steelhead. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 117, No. 3, pp. 311-313.

Pert, H.A. 1993. Winter food habits of coastal juvenile steelhead and coho salmon in Pudding Creek, Northern California. MS thesis, Univ. Calif., Berkeley. 65 pp.

Reese, Carl D. and Bret C. Harvey. 2002. Temperature-Dependent Interactions between Juvenile Steelhead and Sacramento Pikeminnow in Laboratory Streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 131 Number 4 pages, 599-606.

Reisenbicher, R. R., MCinyre, J. D., Solazzi, M. F., Landino, S. W. 1992: Genetic Variation in Steelhead of Oregon and Northern California. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 121, No. 2, pp. 158-169.

Reiser, Dudley W., White, Robert G. 1988: Effects of Two Sediment Size-Classes on Survival of Steelhead and Chinook Salmon Eggs. North American Journal of Fisheries Management: Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 432-437.

Reynolds, F.L, Reavis, R. L., and J. Schuler. 1990. Sacramento and San Joaquin River Chinook salmon and steelhead restoration and enhancement plan. Draft. Inland Fisheries Div., Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game. Sacramento CA. 93 p.

Reynolds, F.L, Reavis, R. L., and J. Schuler. 1990. Central Valley salmon and steelhead and restoration enhancement plan. Final. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game. Sacramento CA. 115 p. (See also: CDFG 1990).

Roelofs, T.D. 1983. Current status of California summer steelhead (Salmo gairdneri) stocks and habitat, and recommendations for their management. USDA For. Serv. Reg. Rpt. 5. 77 pp.

Sasaki, S. 1966. Distribution and food habits of king salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and steelhead rainbow trout, Salmo gairdnerii, in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. CDFG Fish Bull. 133:108-114.

Setka, J.D. 2000. Fall-run Chinook salmon and steelhead trout spawning survey, Sept. 1999 through January 2000 Mokelumne River, California. East Bay Utility District, 500 San Pablo Dam Rd. Orinda CA 94563.

Shapovalov, L. and A. Taft. 1954. The Life Histories of the Steelhead Rainbow Trout (Salmon gairdneri gairdneri) and Silver Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) with Special Reference to Wadell Creek, California, and Recommendations Regarding Their Management. California Department of Fish and Game Bulletin No. 98. 375 pages.

Smith, J.J., And H.W. Li. 1983. Energetic factors influencing foraging tactics of juvenile steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri. Pages 173-180 in D.L.G. Noakes et al., eds. Predators and prey of fishes. The Hague: Dr. W. Junk.

Snider, W.M. And D. McEwan. 1992. Chinook salmon and steelhead trout redd survey, Lower American River, 1991-1992. Stream Evaluation Program, Env. Serv. Div., Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game. Sacramento CA.

Spina, A.P. and D.R. Tormey. 2000. Postfire sediment deposition in geographically restricted steelhead habitat. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 20:562-569.

Taft, A. C., and L. Shapovalov. 1938. Homing instinct and straying among steelhead trout (Salmo gairdnerii) and silver salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Calif. Fish Game 24:118-125.

Titus, R. G., D. C. Erman, and W. M. Snider. 2000. History and status of steelhead in California coastal drainages south of San Francisco Bay. In preparation.

United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 1998. Southern steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss habitat suitability survey of the Santa Margarita River, San Mateo and San Onofre creeks on Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. Coastal California Fish and Wildlife Office, Arcata, CA. Prepared for Assistant Chief of Staff, Environmental Security.

US Fish and Wildlife Service. 1953. A plan for the protection and maintenance of salmon and steelhead in the American River, California, together with recommendations for action. Prepared with Calif. Div. of Fish and Game. 47 p.

Vogel, DA and K.R. Marine. 1994. The Mokelumne River Chinook salmon and steelhead monitoring program, 1992-1993: Evaluation of the downstream migration of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead in the lower Mokelumne River and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Jan through July 1993). Prepared for the East Bay Municipal Utility District. Vogel Environmental Service, Red Bluff CA.

Winter, B.D. 1987. Racial identification of juvenile summer and winter steelhead and resident rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) CDFG Inland Fish. Admin. Rpt. 87-1. 32 pp.

Zimmerman, Christian E., Reeves, Gordon H. 2002: Identification of Steelhead and Resident Rainbow Trout Progeny in the Deschutes River, Oregon, Revealed with Otolith Microchemistry. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 131, No. 5, pp. 986-993.



   

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 


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